Tractors

The primary function of an agricultural tractor is to:

Harvest grain and forage Provide power and traction for pulling and operating implements Transport passengers on public roads Mix livestock feed

Drawbar horsepower is best described as:

Engine power measured at the flywheel with no load Power available at the hitch to pull implements Electrical power available at the battery terminals Power used to drive the cooling fan only

PTO horsepower refers to:

Power delivered to the wheels Power available at the power take-off shaft to operate implements Engine starting power Hydraulic pump capacity

A three-point hitch allows implements to be:

Pulled only from a single point on the drawbar Lifted, lowered and controlled in relation to the tractor Mounted on the roof of the cab Attached only to the front of the tractor

Category II three-point hitch components differ from Category I mainly in:

Colour only Pin diameter and spacing to suit larger tractors and implements Use only on lawn tractors Having fewer hitch points

Draft control on a three-point hitch is used to:

Control engine speed Automatically raise or lower mounted tillage implements in response to load Operate the PTO clutch Adjust tire pressure

A live PTO system allows:

PTO to stop whenever clutch is depressed Independent PTO operation even when the tractor is stopped or clutch is depressed (using a two-stage clutch or independent clutch) Use of PTO only at full engine speed PTO operation only in reverse

Hydrostatic transmissions on compact tractors provide:

Fixed gear ratios only Infinitely variable ground speed control within range using hydraulic drive Only reverse travel No ability to change speed under load

MFWD (Mechanical Front Wheel Drive) tractors:

Drive rear wheels only Provide power to both front and rear axles for improved traction Are used only for road transport Do not use differentials

Articulated four-wheel drive tractors steer by:

Turning front wheels only Pivoting the tractor in the middle using hydraulic cylinders Varying PTO speed Tilting the cab

Ballasting a tractor involves:

Adding weight with wheel weights, liquid ballast or frame weights Reducing tire pressure below specification Repainting the body Removing all weights for field work

Proper ballast and tire inflation are important to:

Increase wheel slip Improve traction and reduce soil compaction and fuel use Prevent PTO use Disable front axle drive

Rear dual wheels on a tractor are used mainly to:

Increase road speed Increase flotation and reduce compaction by spreading load over a larger area Reduce implement draft Replace the need for front wheels

ROPS on a tractor stands for:

Rear Output Power Shaft Rollover Protective Structure Remote Oil Pressure System Rotary Output Power Selector

The main function of ROPS and seat belts is to:

Improve fuel economy Protect the operator in the event of a rollover Increase drawbar pull Control hydraulic flow

Three-point hitch lower links are usually attached to the implement at:

Top link bracket only Two lower hitch points near the implement’s draft line Front axle Cab corners

The PTO shaft speed commonly used on modern tractors for most implements is:

360 rpm 540 rpm or 1000 rpm, depending on equipment 1600 rpm only 250 rpm only

A drawbar with incorrect length when operating PTO-driven implements can:

Improve driveline alignment automatically Cause excessive universal joint angles and driveline vibration Have no effect on operation Increase hydraulic pressure

Front-end loaders fitted to tractors require:

No changes to ballast Additional rear ballast or wheel weights for stability Removal of rear tires Lower tire pressures than recommended

Remote hydraulic valves on tractors are used to:

Operate cab heaters only Control hydraulic cylinders and motors on attached implements Lubricate the front axle Vent fuel tanks

Closed-centre hydraulic systems differ from open-centre systems because closed-centre:

Circulate oil continuously at full flow Supply pressure on demand with flow varying to match load Do not require filters Operate only the steering system

Tractor service brakes are typically located:

In the cab At or near the rear axle final drives On the front PTO shaft Inside the engine oil pan

Differential lock on a tractor is used to:

Allow one wheel to spin freely Lock rear axle differentials to reduce wheel slip in low traction conditions Steer the tractor Control PTO engagement

Tractors equipped with GPS guidance systems can:

Only monitor engine speed Provide automatic steering and mapping for precise field operations Control livestock feeding Eliminate the need for operators

Wheel tread width on a tractor is adjusted primarily to:

Change PTO speed Match row spacing and improve stability on slopes Lower hydraulic pressure Increase cab size

When selecting replacement tractor tires, important factors include:

Colour and sidewall graphics only Size, ply rating or load index, tread design and application Window tint level Seat upholstery material

Dual-purpose industrial/agricultural tractors often feature:

Only small turf tires Different tire and axle options, heavy duty loaders and protective structures No PTO or hydraulics Fixed implements welded in place

The ILM Tractor module helps parts technicians to:

Perform major engine overhauls Identify tractor types, systems and components when supplying parts Repair highway bridges Calibrate sprayer nozzles

Rated engine horsepower for tractors is usually measured:

At zero rpm At a specified engine speed on a dynamometer Only at idle By measuring PTO torque by hand

A power shuttle transmission on a tractor allows:

Only forward travel Smooth direction changes between forward and reverse without clutching fully No gear changes at all Only manual gear selection when stopped

Wheel slip in field work should normally be:

0% Within a recommended range (for example 8–15%) for efficient traction As high as possible Ignored completely

Tractor operator’s manuals and safety decals stress that riders:

Are allowed if space permits Should not ride on tractors unless a seat is provided for them Should sit on fenders May ride on implements during field work

Cab filtration systems on tractors are important for:

Controlling PTO speed Keeping dust, chemicals and noise levels within acceptable limits for the operator Regulating engine coolant Maintaining tire pressure

When ordering hydraulic components for tractors, the parts technician must know:

Only tractor colour Model, serial number, system type and component location Only fuel tank capacity Radio brand

Front weights or weight brackets are installed on tractors to:

Reduce drawbar pull Counterbalance heavy rear-mounted implements Increase cab size Replace ROPS

When matching tractors to implements, key considerations are:

Paint colour compatibility Horsepower, hitch category, hydraulic capacity, PTO requirements and weight Cab upholstery design Radio speaker locations

Fender-mounted controls or remote switches on tractors are used to:

Adjust stereo volume Operate three-point hitch or remote hydraulics while standing beside the implement Control engine internal timing Engage 4WD permanently

The term 'utility tractor' generally describes:

Only lawn and garden tractors Medium-sized tractors used for many tasks such as loader work, mowing and light field operations Largest four-wheel-drive articulated tractors Tractors used only on highways